The HIPAA "minimum necessary" standard is applicable under which condition?

The "minimum necessary" standard under HIPAA is particularly relevant when human subjects research involves the use of protected health information (PHI) without the explicit authorization of individuals. This standard mandates that only the information necessary to achieve the intended purpose of the research should be accessed or disclosed.

In situations where PHI is utilized in research but the researcher does not have the individual's authorization, the "minimum necessary" rule serves to protect individual privacy by ensuring that researchers do not obtain or use more information than what is needed. This is critical for maintaining confidentiality and minimizing potential risks to participants.

While the other options discuss different contexts regarding human subjects research, they do not specifically address the nuances of using PHI without authorization, which is the primary scenario where the "minimum necessary" standard applies. This standard is not universally applicable to all human subjects research, nor is it concerned with data crossing state lines; it focuses specifically on the handling of PHI when there is no authorization from the individuals involved.